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List of works by Karl Leo

2-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-benzoimidazol-3-ium iodide as a new air-stable n-type dopant for vacuum-processed organic semiconductor thin films

scientific article

A Pulse-Biasing Small-Signal Measurement Technique Enabling 40 MHz Operation of Vertical Organic Transistors.

scientific article

A charge carrier transport model for donor-acceptor blend layers

article

A comparison of two air-stable molecular n-dopants for C60

scholarly article by Torben Menke et al published December 2012 in Organic Electronics

A spray-coating process for highly conductive silver nanowire networks as the transparent top-electrode for small molecule organic photovoltaics

scientific article published in 2015

Achieving High Efficiency and Improved Stability in ITO-Free Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Conductive Polymer Electrodes

Adjustable white-light emission from a photo-structured micro-OLED array

scientific article published on 15 July 2016

Advanced Organic Permeable-Base Transistor with Superior Performance

scientific article published on 20 October 2015

An inter-laboratory stability study of roll-to-roll coated flexible polymer solar modules

article by Suren A. Gevorgyan et al published May 2011 in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Analyzing the n-Doping Mechanism of an air stable Small Molecule Precursor

scientific article published on 13 December 2017

Author Correction: Organic Power Electronics: Transistor Operation in the kA/cm2 Regime

scientific article published on 10 April 2020

Aza-BODIPY Derivatives Containing BF(CN) and B(CN)2 Moieties

scientific article published on 12 December 2016

Balanced ambipolar charge carrier mobility in mixed layers for application in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes

article

Band structure engineering in organic semiconductors

scientific article published in June 2016

Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) with meso-perfluorinated alkyl substituents as near infrared donors in organic solar cells

scientific article published in 2018

Breakdown and Protection of ALD Moisture Barrier Thin Films

scientific article published on 24 September 2015

Characterisation of different hole transport materials as used in organic p-i-n solar cells

Characterization of effective charge carrier mobility in ZnPc/C60 solar cells after ageing

Characterization of tandem organic solar cells

Chloride and Indium-Chloride-Complex Inorganic Ligands for Efficient Stabilization of Nanocrystals in Solution and Doping of Nanocrystal Solids

scientific article published on 5 February 2016

Co-evaporant induced crystallization of zinc phthalocyanine:C60 blends for solar cells

Coevaporated calcium-silver metal alloys as contact for highly transparent organic solar cells

Coherent mode coupling in highly efficient top-emitting OLEDs on periodically corrugated substrates

scientific article published on 01 April 2014

Coherent perfect absorption in wedged organic thin films: a method to determine optical properties

scientific article published on 01 August 2018

Coherent submillimeter-wave emission from Bloch oscillations in a semiconductor superlattice

scientific article published in Physical Review Letters

Colloidal PbS nanoplatelets synthesized via cation exchange for electronic applications

scientific article published on 01 October 2019

Color in the corners: ITO-free white OLEDs with angular color stability.

scientific article

Combined effects of microcavity and dielectric capping layer on bidirectional organic light-emitting diodes

scientific article published on 01 June 2012

Comment on “Roles of donor and acceptor nanodomains in 6% efficient thermally annealed polymer photovoltaics” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 163511 (2007)]

Comparative Study of Microscopic Charge Dynamics in Crystalline Acceptor-Substituted Oligothiophenes

scientific article published on 27 March 2012

Comparison of different conditions for accelerated ageing of small molecule organic solar cells

Comparison of ultraviolet- and charge-induced degradation phenomena in blue fluorescent organic light emitting diodes

article

Contact Doping for Vertical Organic Field-Effect Transistors

scientific article from 2016

Controlled current matching in small molecule organic tandem solar cells using doped spacer layers

Controlling Tamm Plasmons for Organic Narrowband Near-Infrared Photodetectors

scientific article from 2017

Controlling and Optimizing Amplified Spontaneous Emission in Perovskite

scientific article published on 13 July 2020

Correlation between Temperature Activation of Charge-Carrier Generation Efficiency and Hole Mobility in Small-Molecule Donor Materials

scientific article published on 01 April 2014

Correlation of Absorption Profile and Fill Factor in Organic Solar Cells: The Role of Mobility Imbalance

Correlation of open-circuit voltage and energy levels in zinc-phthalocyanine: C60bulk heterojunction solar cells with varied mixing ratio

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 88 no. 8, August 2013

Correlation of π-Conjugated Oligomer Structure with Film Morphology and Organic Solar Cell Performance

article

Degradation Mechanisms and Reactions in Organic Light-Emitting Devices

scientific article published on 31 July 2015

Degradation of Flexible, ITO-Free Oligothiophene Organic Solar Cells

scientific article published on 3 June 2016

Degradation of Sexithiophene Cascade Organic Solar Cells

Degradation of Small-Molecule-Based OPV

Detection of trap charge in small molecular organic bulk heterojunction solar cells

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 82 no. 12, September 2010

Determining doping efficiency and mobility from conductivity and Seebeck data of n-doped C60layers ⬇️

Determining the C60 molecular arrangement in thin films by means of X-ray diffraction

Dicyanovinyl sexithiophene as donor material in organic planar heterojunction solar cells: Morphological, optical, and electrical properties

scholarly article by Marieta Levichkova et al published December 2011 in Organic Electronics

Dicyanovinyl-Substituted Oligothiophenes: Structure-Property Relationships and Application in Vacuum-Processed Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells

article

Dicyanovinyl-quinquethiophenes with varying alkyl chain lengths: Investigation of their performance in organic devices

Dicyanovinylene-Substituted Oligothiophenes for Organic Solar Cells

Diindenoperylene derivatives: A model to investigate the path from molecular structure via morphology to solar cell performance

scholarly article by Christoph Schuenemann et al published July 2013 in Organic Electronics

Direct Electrical Evidence of Plasmonic Near-Field Enhancement in Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells

Dominating recombination mechanisms in organic solar cells based on ZnPc and C60

article published in 2013

Doped Organic Transistors

scientific article

Doped organic transistors operating in the inversion and depletion regime

scientific article

Doped-carbazolocarbazoles as hole transporting materials in small molecule solar cells with different architectures

Doping of Organic Semiconductors

Doping-induced carrier profiles in organic semiconductors determined from capacitive extraction-current transients

scientific article published on 14 July 2017

Eclipse Pulsed Laser Deposition for Damage-Free Preparation of Transparent ZnO Electrodes on Top of Organic Solar Cells

Effect of H- and J-Aggregation on the Photophysical and Voltage Loss of Boron Dipyrromethene Small Molecules in Vacuum-Deposited Organic Solar Cells

scientific article published on 10 May 2019

Effect of concentration gradients in ZnPc:C60 bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

Effect of film thickness, type of buffer layer, and substrate temperature on the morphology of dicyanovinyl-substituted sexithiophene films

Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Solar Cells by Fabricating Periodic Surface Textures using Direct Laser Interference Patterning ⬇️

scientific article published on February 14, 2012

Efficiency roll-off in organic light-emitting diodes

scientific article published on 09 September 2013

Efficient Organic Tandem Solar Cells based on Small Molecules

Efficient and long-term stable organic vacuum deposited tandem solar cells

Efficient flexible organic photovoltaics using silver nanowires and polymer based transparent electrodes

article

Efficient p-i-n type organic solar cells incorporating 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as transparent electron transport material

Efficient semitransparent small-molecule organic solar cells

Elastomer based electrically tunable, optical microcavities

Electric potential mapping by thickness variation: A new method for model-free mobility determination in organic semiconductor thin films

scholarly article by Johannes Widmer et al published December 2013 in Organic Electronics

Electrical limit of silver nanowire electrodes: Direct measurement of the nanowire junction resistance

scientific article published on 18 April 2016

Electrically Tunable Dye Emission via Microcavity Integrated PDMS Gel Actuator.

scientific article

Electroabsorption studies of organic p-i-n solar cells: evaluating the built-in voltage

scholarly article by Ellen Siebert-Henze et al published 2014 in Materials Research Society symposia proceedings

Elementary steps in electrical doping of organic semiconductors

scientific article published on 21 March 2018

Energy level alignment of electrically doped hole transport layers with transparent and conductive indium tin oxide and polymer anodes

Enhanced and balanced efficiency of white bi-directional organic light-emitting diodes

scientific article

Erratum to “Organic solar cells based on a novel infrared absorbing aza-bodipy dye” [Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 99 (2012) 176–181]

scholarly article published in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Erratum: Pentacene homojunctions: Electron and hole transport properties and related photovoltaic responses [Phys. Rev. B77, 195212 (2008)]

scholarly article published in Physical Review B

Evaluation and Control of the Orientation of Small Molecules for Strongly Absorbing Organic Thin Films

article published in 2013

Exciton Diffusion Length and Charge Extraction Yield in Organic Bilayer Solar Cells

scientific article published in February 2017

Experimental and theoretical study of phase separation in ZnPc:C60 blends

Exploiting diffusion currents at Ohmic contacts for trap characterization in organic semiconductors

Fano-Like Interference in the Emission Spectra of a Multimode Organic Microcavity

Fermi level shift and doping efficiency inp-doped small molecule organic semiconductors: A photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical study

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 86 no. 3, July 2012

Flexible, light trapping substrates for organic photovoltaics

article

Fluorinated Zinc Phthalocyanine as Donor for Efficient Vacuum-Deposited Organic Solar Cells

Fluorine-containing low-energy-gap organic dyes with low voltage losses for organic solar cells

article

Fully sp 2 ‐Carbon‐Linked Crystalline Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymers: Insight into 2D Poly(phenylenecyanovinylene) Formation and its Optoelectronic Properties

scientific article published on 17 April 2019

High Electron Affinity Molecular Dopant CN6-CP for Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

scientific article published on 12 March 2019

High-Performance Near-Infrared Phototransistor Based on n-Type Small-Molecular Organic Semiconductor

High-Performance Ultra-Short Channel Field-Effect Transistor Using Solution-Processable Colloidal Nanocrystals

scientific article published on 05 July 2019

High-performance vertical organic transistors

scientific article

Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Electrode with Optimized Solvent and Thermal Post-Treatment for ITO-Free Organic Solar Cells

article

Highly Efficient Organic Devices Based on Electrically Doped Transport Layers

article

Highly conductive silver nanowire networks by organic matrix assisted low-temperature fusing

scientific article published in December 2014

Highly doped layers as efficient electron–hole recombination contacts for tandem organic solar cells

Highly efficient p-dopants in amorphous hosts

Highly efficient semitransparent tandem organic solar cells with complementary absorber materials

Highly efficient white organic light-emitting diodes based on fluorescent blue emitters

article by Thomas C. Rosenow et al published December 2010 in Journal of Applied Physics

Highly efficient white top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes comprising laminated microlens films

scientific article published on 09 December 2011

Homoleptic Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii) and Hg(ii) complexes of bis-(phenyl)-diisoindol-aza-methene

scientific article published on 25 February 2011

Humidity assisted annealing technique for transparent conductive silver nanowire networks

scientific article published in 2015

ITO-Free, Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells on Spray-Coated Copper-Nanowire-Based Transparent Electrodes

scientific article published on 11 September 2013

Imbalanced mobilities causing S-shaped IV curves in planar heterojunction organic solar cells

Impact of mesoscale order on open-circuit voltage in organic solar cells

scientific article published on 22 December 2014

Impact of molecular quadrupole moments on the energy levels at organic heterojunctions

scientific article published on 05 June 2019

Importance of Interface Diffusion and Climate in Defect Dominated Moisture Ultrabarrier Applications

scientific article published on 22 July 2016

Improved bulk heterojunction organic solar cells employing C70 fullerenes

article published in 2009

Improved efficiency and lifetime in small molecule organic solar cells with optimized conductive polymer electrodes

Improved high-brightness efficiency of phosphorescent organic LEDs comprising emitter molecules with small permanent dipole moments

scientific article published in August 2010

Improved organic p-i-n type solar cells with n-doped fluorinated hexaazatrinaphthylene derivatives HATNA-F6 and HATNA-F12 as transparent electron transport material

Improved photocurrent by using n-doped 2,3,8,9,14,15-hexachloro-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene as optical spacer layer in p-i-n type organic solar cells

Improved photon harvesting by employing C 70 in bulk heterojunction solar cells

Improvement of voltage and charge balance in inverted top-emitting organic electroluminescent diodes comprising doped transport layers by thermal annealing

In-situ conductivity and Seebeck measurements of highly efficient n-dopants in fullerene C60

Increase of charge carrier lifetime in dicyanovinyl–quinquethiophene: fullerene blends upon deposition on heated substrates

scholarly article by Hannah Ziehlke et al published December 2011 in Organic Electronics

Increased Open-Circuit Voltage of Organic Solar Cells by Reduced Donor-Acceptor Interface Area

article

Increased and balanced light emission of transparent organic light-emitting diodes by enhanced microcavity effects

scientific article published on 01 August 2011

Influence of Hole-Transport Layers and Donor Materials on Open-Circuit Voltage and Shape of I-V Curves of Organic Solar Cells

Influence of Meso and Nanoscale Structure on the Properties of Highly Efficient Small Molecule Solar Cells

Influence of charge balance and exciton distribution on efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices

article by Rico Meerheim et al published July 2008 in Journal of Applied Physics

Influence of organic capping layers on the performance of transparent organic light-emitting diodes

scientific article published on 01 April 2011

Influence of side groups on the performance of infrared absorbing aza-BODIPY organic solar cells

article

Influence of the average molar mass of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) on the dimensions and conductivity of silver nanowires

scientific article published on 01 May 2019

Inhomogeneous luminance in organic light emitting diodes related to electrode resistivity

scientific article published in 2006

Insight into doping efficiency of organic semiconductors from the analysis of the density of states in n-doped C60 and ZnPc

scientific article published on 26 February 2018

Interrelation between Crystal Packing and Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cell Performance

scientific article published on 05 January 2012

Investigating local (photo-)current and structure of ZnPc:C60 bulk-heterojunctions

Investigation of C60F36 as low-volatility p-dopant in organic optoelectronic devices

Investigation of Driving Forces for Charge Extraction in Organic Solar Cells: Transient Photocurrent Measurements on Solar Cells Showing S-Shaped Current-Voltage Characteristics

Light Incoupling & Optical Optimisation of Organic Solar Cells

Light trapping for flexible organic photovoltaics

Light trapping in organic solar cells

scholarly article by Michael Niggemann et al published December 2008 in Physica Status Solidi A

Line-on-line coincidence: a new type of epitaxy found in organic-organic heterolayers

scientific article published on 11 February 2005

Modulating the Electronic and Solid-State Structure of Organic Semiconductors by Site-Specific Substitution: The Case of Tetrafluoropentacenes

scientific article published on 25 February 2020

Molecular doping for control of gate bias stress in organic thin film transistors

Molecular ordering and charge transport in a dicyanovinyl-substituted quaterthiophene thin film

scholarly article in RSC Advances, vol. 3 no. 30, 2013

Molecular parameters responsible for thermally activated transport in doped organic semiconductors

scientific article published on 28 January 2019

Molecular-scale simulation of electroluminescence in a multilayer white organic light-emitting diode

scientific article published on 14 April 2013

Molecules for organic electronics studied one by one.

scientific article

Morphology and molecular orientation of ethyl-substituted dicyanovinyl-sexithiophene films for photovoltaic applications

Near-infrared absorbing semitransparent organic solar cells

Non-Linear Self-Heating in Organic Transistors Reaching High Power Densities.

scientific article

Observation of Bloch oscillations in a semiconductor superlattice

On-substrate polymerization of solution-processed, transparent PEDOT:DDQ thin film electrodes with a hydrophobic polymer matrix

Open-Circuit Voltage and Effective Gap of Organic Solar Cells

Optical In-Coupling in Organic Solar Cells

article

Optical display film as flexible and light trapping substrate for organic photovoltaics

scientific article published in May 2016

Optimization of organic tandem solar cells based on small molecules

Optimizing the morphology of metal multilayer films for indium tin oxide (ITO)-free inverted organic solar cells

Optimum mobility, contact properties, and open-circuit voltage of organic solar cells: A drift-diffusion simulation study

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 85 no. 15, April 2012

Organic Power Electronics: Transistor Operation in the kA/cm2 Regime

scientific article published on 17 March 2017

Organic Thin-Film Red-Light Photodiodes with Tunable Spectral Response Via Selective Exciton Activation

scientific article published on 05 March 2020

Organic Zener Diodes: Tunneling across the Gap in Organic Semiconductor Materials

article

Organic narrowband near-infrared photodetectors based on intermolecular charge-transfer absorption

scientific article published on 5 June 2017

Organic solar cells based on a novel infrared absorbing aza-bodipy dye

Organic solar cells with very high fill factor and voltage using tetrapropyl-tetraphenyl-diindenoperylene as green donor

Organic thin film photovoltaic cells based on planar and mixed heterojunctions between fullerene and a low bandgap oligothiophene

Organic thin-film layer investigation with pair-distribution function technique

Origin of open circuit voltage in planar and bulk heterojunction organic thin-film photovoltaics depending on doped transport layers

PEDOT:PSS with embedded TiO2 nanoparticles as light trapping electrode for organic photovoltaics

article

Passivation of Molecular n-Doping: Exploring the Limits of Air Stability

Pentacene homojunctions: Electron and hole transport properties and related photovoltaic responses

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 77 no. 19, May 2008

Perovskite photovoltaics: Signs of stability

scientific article published on 01 July 2015

Phase separation analysis of bulk heterojunctions in small-molecule organic solar cells using zinc-phthalocyanine and C60

scientific article from 2012

Photoconductivity as loss mechanism in organic solar cells

Photoelectron spectroscopy investigations of recombination contacts for tandem organic solar cells

Plasmon-Induced Sub-Bandgap Photodetection with Organic Schottky Diodes

Polymer:Fullerene Bimolecular Crystals for Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Photodetectors

scientific article published on 4 July 2017

Probing the effect of substrate heating during deposition of DCV4T:C60 blend layers for organic solar cells

scholarly article by Christian Koerner et al published April 2012 in Organic Electronics

Program FFlexCom — High frequency flexible bendable electronics for wireless communication systems

Publisher Correction: Elementary steps in electrical doping of organic semiconductors.

scientific article published on 12 June 2018

Publisher’s Note: “Highly efficient semitransparent tandem organic solar cells with complementary absorber materials” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 043301 (2011)]

Quantifying charge transfer energies at donor-acceptor interfaces in small-molecule solar cells with constrained DFTB and spectroscopic methods

scientific article published on 18 October 2013

Quantitative estimation of electronic quality of zinc phthalocyanine thin films

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 84 no. 7, August 2011

Recent progress in organic solar cells based on small molecules

Reply to 'Tandem organic solar cells revisited'

Selective absorption enhancement in organic solar cells using light incoupling layers

Self-doping and partial oxidation of metal-on-organic interfaces for organic semiconductor devices studied by chemical analysis techniques

article

Self-passivation of molecular n-type doping during air exposure using a highly efficient air-instable dopant

Side chain variations on a series of dicyanovinyl-terthiophenes: a photoinduced absorption study

scientific article published on 12 July 2011

Single carrier devices with electrical doped layers for the characterization of charge-carrier transport in organic thin-films

Small Molecule Near-Infrared Boron Dipyrromethene Donors for Organic Tandem Solar Cells.

scientific article

Sonnige Aussichten mit organischen Solarzellen

Strategic-tuning of radiative excitons for efficient and stable fluorescent white organic light-emitting diodes.

scientific article published on 30 May 2019

Structural phase transition in pentacene caused by molecular doping and its effect on charge carrier mobility

scholarly article by Hans Kleemann et al published January 2012 in Organic Electronics

Surface Engineering Using Kumada Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation (KCTP): Preparation and Structuring of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-Based Graft Copolymer Brushes

scientific article from 2008

Synthesis and Characterization of Near-Infrared Absorbing Benzannulated Aza-BODIPY Dyes

scientific article published on 02 February 2011

Synthesis of thiophene-substituted aza-BODIPYs and their optical and electrochemical properties

Temperature Activation of the Photoinduced Charge Carrier Generation Efficiency in Quaterthiophene:C60 Mixed Films

Temperature dependent behavior of flat and bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

scholarly article by Johannes Widmer et al published 2013 in Materials Research Society symposia proceedings

Tetrabutyl-tetraphenyl-diindenoperylene derivatives as alternative green donor in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

Tetrapropyl-tetraphenyl-diindenoperylene derivative as a green absorber for high-voltage stable organic solar cells

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 83 no. 16, April 2011

The effect of barrier performance on the lifetime of small-molecule organic solar cells

The impact of molecular weight, air exposure and molecular doping on the charge transport properties and electronic defects in dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene copolymers

The influence of substrate heating on morphology and layer growth in C60:ZnPc bulk heterojunction solar cells

scholarly article by Steffen Pfuetzner et al published March 2011 in Organic Electronics

The role of energy level matching in organic solar cells—Hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile as transparent electron transport material

Thick C60:ZnPc bulk heterojunction solar cells with improved performance by film deposition on heated substrates

Three-terminal RGB full-color OLED pixels for ultrahigh density displays.

scientific article

Top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes

scientific article

Total charge amount as indicator for the degradation of small molecule organic solar cells

Transparent conductive layers for organic solar cells: simulation and experiment

Transparent electrode materials for solar cells

Trap states in ZnPc:C60 small-molecule organic solar cells

scholarly article in Physical Review B, vol. 87 no. 4, January 2013

Two Similar Near-Infrared (IR) Absorbing Benzannulated Aza-BODIPY Dyes as Near-IR Sensitizers for Ternary Solar Cells

scientific article published on 12 June 2013

Universal Limit for Air Stable Molecular n-Doping in Organic Semiconductors

scientific article published on 04 August 2020

Unraveling Structure and Device Operation of Organic Permeable Base Transistors

scientific article from 2020

Vertical Organic Thin-Film Transistors with an Anodized Permeable Base for Very Low Leakage Current

scientific article published on 28 March 2019

Vertical organic permeable dual-base transistors for logic circuits

scientific article published on 18 September 2020

Vertical organic transistors

scientific article published on 14 October 2015

Water and oxygen induced degradation of small molecule organic solar cells

White organic light-emitting diodes with fluorescent tube efficiency

scientific article

White top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with forward directed emission and high color quality

X-ray investigation of the morphology of DCV6T-Bu4films for organic solar cells

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