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List of works by Marc Breedlove

A behavioral and polygraphic study of sleep in the shrews Suncus murinus, Blarina brevicauda, and Cryptotis parva.

scientific article published in July 1977

A brain sexual dimorphism controlled by adult circulating androgens

scientific article

A reanalysis of five studies on sexual orientation and the relative length of the 2nd and 4th fingers (the 2D:4D ratio).

scientific article published in June 2005

Age differences in prenatal testosterone's protective effects on disordered eating symptoms: developmental windows of expression?

scientific article

Anabolic responsiveness of skeletal muscles correlates with androgen receptor protein but not mRNA

scientific article published on 01 February 2006

Androgen alters the dendritic arbors of SNB motoneurons by acting upon their target muscles

scientific article published in June 1995

Androgen locally regulates rat bulbocavernosus and levator ani size

scientific article published on February 1, 1992

Androgen receptor expression in the levator ani muscle of male mice

scientific article published on 01 October 2007

Androgen receptors are required for full masculinization of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in rats

scientific article published on 21 November 2006

Androgen receptors in muscle fibers induce rapid loss of force but not mass: implications for spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

scientific article

Androgen receptors mediate masculinization of astrocytes in the rat posterodorsal medial amygdala during puberty

scientific article published on July 2013

Androgen regulates the sexually dimorphic gastrin-releasing peptide system in the lumbar spinal cord that mediates male sexual function

scientific article published on 09 April 2009

Androgen-dependent loss of muscle BDNF mRNA in two mouse models of SBMA.

scientific article published on 27 April 2015

Androgen-dependent regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase B in the sexually dimorphic spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus.

scientific article

Androgen-sensitivity of somata and dendrites of spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) motoneurons in male C57BL6J mice

scientific article published on 28 November 2006

Androgens regulate the mammalian homologues of invertebrate sex determination genes tra-2 and fox-1

scientific journal article

Another important organ

scientific article published in Nature

Antiandrogen flutamide protects male mice from androgen-dependent toxicity in three models of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

scientific article

Astrocytes in the amygdala.

scientific article published on January 2010

Astrocytes in the rat medial amygdala are responsive to adult androgens.

scientific article

Behavioural neurobiology: Females can also be from Mars

scientific article published in Nature

Biological psychology: an introduction to behavioral, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience

digital supplement to a book published in 1999

Both estrogen receptors and androgen receptors contribute to testosterone-induced changes in the morphology of the medial amygdala and sexual arousal in male rats

scientific article published in February 2003

Brain aromatase: dyed-in-the-wool homosexuality.

scientific article published on February 2004

Brain gender: prostaglandins have their say

scientific article published on 01 June 2004

Brain lesions affect penile reflexes.

scientific article published in March 1993

Brain sites projecting to the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus ⬇️

scientific article published on May 15, 1991

Brain stem units related to movements of the pinna

scientific article published on 01 November 1980

Ciliary neurotrophic factor arrests muscle and motoneuron degeneration in androgen-insensitive rats

scientific article published on 01 November 1995

Ciliary neurotrophic factor maintains motoneurons and their target muscles in developing rats.

scientific article published in November 1993

Consequences of cesarean delivery for neural development

article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Contractile dysfunction in muscle may underlie androgen-dependent motor dysfunction in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

scientific article

Defects in Neuromuscular Transmission May Underlie Motor Dysfunction in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy

scientific article published on May 2016

Defending the brain from estrogen

scientific article published in February 2006

Differences in finger length ratios between self-identified "butch" and "femme" lesbians

scientific article (publication date: February 2002)

Differential effects of testosterone metabolites upon the size of sexually dimorphic motoneurons in adulthood.

scientific article published in June 1992

Differential expression and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA isoforms in androgen-sensitive motoneurons of the rat lumbar spinal cord

scientific article published on 17 July 2010

Disease Affects Expression in Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Regions of Skeletal Muscle of Three SBMA Mouse Models ⬇️

scientific article published on 15 March 2019

Distribution of androgen receptor immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of wild-type, androgen-insensitive and gonadectomized male rats

scientific journal article

Does androgen affect axonal transport of cholera toxin HRP in spinal motoneurons?

scientific article published in May 1991

Down, But Not Out: Partial Elimination of Androgen Receptors in the Male Mouse Brain Does Not Affect Androgenic Regulation of Anxiety or HPA Activity

scientific article

Effects of sex hormones on associative learning in spontaneously hypertensive rats

scientific article published on 12 November 2007

Effects of the testicular feminization mutation (tfm) of the androgen receptor gene on BSTMPM volume and morphology in rats

scientific article

Evidence that androgen acts through NMDA receptors to affect motoneurons in the rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus.

scientific article published in November 2002

Finger-length ratios and sexual orientation

scientific article (publication date: 30 March 2000)

Fulfilling desire: evidence for negative feedback between men's testosterone, sociosexual psychology, and sexual partner number

scientific article published on 30 January 2015

Genetic and environmental influences on 2D:4D finger length ratios: a study of monozygotic and dizygotic male and female twins.

scientific article

Gonadal steroids regulate neural plasticity in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of adult male and female rats.

scientific article published on 5 March 2008

Got milk? Oxytocin triggers hippocampal plasticity

scientific article

Hand asymmetry in heterosexual and homosexual men and women: relationship to 2D:4D digit ratios and other sexually dimorphic anatomical traits.

scientific article

Homosexual Mating Preferences from an Evolutionary Perspective: Sexual Selection Theory Revisited

scientific article (publication date: 3 August 2007)

Hormonal control of a developing neuromuscular system. I. Complete Demasculinization of the male rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus using the anti-androgen flutamide.

scientific article published on February 1983

Hormonal control of a developing neuromuscular system. II. Sensitive periods for the androgen-induced masculinization of the rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus

scientific article published on 01 February 1983

Hormonal control of the anatomical specificity of motoneuron-to-muscle innervation in rats

scientific article published on 01 March 1985

Hormone accumulation in a sexually dimorphic motor nucleus of the rat spinal cord

scientific article published on 01 October 1980

Hormone-sensitive periods for the control of motoneuron number and soma size in the dorsolateral nucleus of the rat spinal cord.

scientific article published in February 1993

Human trust: testosterone raises suspicion.

scientific article

Impaired motoneuronal retrograde transport in two models of SBMA implicates two sites of androgen action

scientific article published on 26 August 2011

Interaction of fraternal birth order and handedness in the development of male homosexuality

scientific article

Lineage, arrangement, and death of clonally related motoneurons in chick spinal cord

scientific article published in July 1990

Local perineal implants of anti-androgen block masculinization of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus.

scientific article published in December 1992

Male rats with the testicular feminization mutation of the androgen receptor display elevated anxiety-related behavior and corticosterone response to mild stress

scientific article

Masculinization of the female rat spinal cord following a single neonatal injection of testosterone propionate but not estradiol benzoate.

scientific article

Masculinized finger length patterns in human males and females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

scientific article

Masculinized finger-length ratios of boys, but not girls, are associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

scientific article

Mice with the testicular feminization mutation demonstrate a role for androgen receptors in the regulation of anxiety-related behaviors and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

scientific article

Minireview: Organizational hypothesis: instances of the fingerpost

scientific article

Muscle BDNF improves synaptic and contractile muscle strength in Kennedy's disease mice in a muscle-type specific manner

scientific article published on 19 April 2020

Neonatal androgen and estrogen treatments masculinize the size of motoneurons in the rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus ⬇️

scientific article published on December 1, 1997

Neonatal androgen maintains sexually dimorphic muscles in the absence of innervation ⬇️

scientific article published on June 1, 1988

Neonatal androgen-dependent sex differences in lumbar spinal cord dopamine concentrations and the number of A11 diencephalospinal dopamine neurons.

scientific article published on July 2010

Neurochemicals Drawing the Line Between Love and Hate

scientific article published on 01 February 2017

Neurogenesis of motoneurons in the sexually dimorphic spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus in rats.

scientific article published in July 1983

Neuromuscular junctions are pathological but not denervated in two mouse models of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

scientific article

Neuromuscular junctions shrink and expand as muscle fiber size is manipulated: in vivo observations in the androgen-sensitive bulbocavernosus muscle of mice

scientific article published in August 1990

Neuronal size in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: direct modulation by androgen in rats with mosaic androgen insensitivity.

scientific article

New knockout model confirms a role for androgen receptors in regulating anxiety-like behaviors and HPA response in mice.

scientific article

No evidence that hormonal contraceptive use or circulating sex steroids predict complex emotion recognition

scientific article published on 06 December 2019

Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Retrograde Motoneuronal Axonal Transport in an SBMA Mouse Model

scientific article published on July 2016

O Gay New World: Ramifications of the Maternal Immune Hypothesis.

scientific article published on 29 November 2017

O brother, where art thou? The fraternal birth-order effect on male sexual orientation

scientific article

Oestrogen and androgen receptor activation contribute to the masculinisation of oxytocin receptors in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis of rats

scientific article published on 08 July 2019

Ontogeny of androgen receptor expression in spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus motoneurons and their target muscles in male mice

scientific article published on 05 February 2012

Ontogeny of calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in rat lumbar motoneurons: delayed appearance and sexual dimorphism in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus.

scientific article

Ontogeny of functional innervation of bulbocavernosus muscles in male and female rats

scientific article published on 01 May 1987

Operant conditioning of pontine gigantocellular units ⬇️

scientific article published on September 1, 1979

Overexpression of wild-type androgen receptor in muscle recapitulates polyglutamine disease.

scientific article

Partial demasculinization of several brain regions in adult male (XY) rats with a dysfunctional androgen receptor gene.

scientific article published in June 2005

Photographic analysis of relation between unit activity and movement

scientific article published on 01 August 1979

Photoperiod and androgens act independently to induce spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus neuromuscular plasticity in the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus.

scientific article published in May 2002

Photoperiod-dependent response to androgen in the medial amygdala of the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus

scientific article

Post-weaning social isolation of male rats reduces the volume of the medial amygdala and leads to deficits in adult sexual behavior.

scientific article published in December 2000

Potential hormonal mechanisms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder: a new perspective.

scientific article published on 2 March 2009

Pre-clinical symptoms of SBMA may not be androgen-dependent: implications from two SBMA mouse models

scientific article published on 01 July 2018

Preliminary evidence that gonadal hormones organize and activate disordered eating.

scientific article

Prenatal Influences on Human Sexual Orientation: Expectations versus Data

scientific article

Prenatal flutamide enhances survival in a myogenic mouse model of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy

scientific article

Prenatal hormone exposure and risk for eating disorders: a comparison of opposite-sex and same-sex twins

scientific article

Pubertal growth of the medial amygdala delayed by short photoperiods in the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus.

scientific article

Pubertal timing predicts adult psychosexuality: Evidence from typically developing adults and adults with isolated GnRH deficiency

scientific article published on 06 June 2020

Recovery of function in a myogenic mouse model of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

scientific article

Relationships between ovarian hormone concentrations and mental rotations performance in naturally-cycling women

scientific article published on 14 November 2020

Replicable data for digit ratio differences

scientific article published on 01 July 2019

Response to Commentaries

scientific article published on 24 July 2017

Salivary testosterone does not predict mental rotation performance in men or women

scientific article published on 11 March 2010

Seasonal plasticity of neuromuscular junctions in adult male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus).

scientific article published on February 1999

Sex and laterality differences in medial amygdala neurons and astrocytes of adult mice.

scientific article published on 18 January 2016

Sex differences and laterality in astrocyte number and complexity in the adult rat medial amygdala

scientific article published on December 2008

Sex differences in digit ratio (2D:4D) are disrupted in adolescents with schizotypal personality disorder: altered prenatal gonadal hormone levels as a risk factor.

scientific article published on 27 June 2006

Sex differences in the pattern of steroid accumulation by motoneurons of the rat lumbar spinal cord

scientific article published on 01 April 1983

Sex differences in the traumatic stress response: PTSD symptoms in women recapitulated in female rats

scientific article published on 05 July 2018

Sex differences in the traumatic stress response: the role of adult gonadal hormones

scientific article published on 13 July 2018

Sex on the brain.

scientific article published in October 1997

Sexual Orientation, Controversy, and Science.

scientific article

Sexual differentiation of the human nervous system.

scientific article

Sexual differentiation of the vertebrate brain: principles and mechanisms.

scientific article

Sexual differentiation of the vertebrate nervous system.

scientific article published in October 2004

Sexual dimorphism and androgen effects on spinal motoneurons innervating the rat flexor digitorum brevis

scientific article

Sexual dimorphism and steroid responsiveness of the posterodorsal medial amygdala in adult mice

scientific article

Sexual dimorphism in digit-length ratios of laboratory mice

scientific article

Sexual dimorphism in human and canine spinal cord: role of early androgen

scientific article

Sexual dimorphism in neuronal number of the posterodorsal medial amygdala is independent of circulating androgens and regional volume in adult rats.

scientific article published in February 2008

Sexual dimorphism in the vertebrate nervous system

scientific article published on November 1992

Sexually dimorphic gastrin releasing peptide system in the spinal cord controls male reproductive functions.

scientific article published on 18 May 2008

Sexually dimorphic motor nucleus in the rat lumbar spinal cord: response to adult hormone manipulation, absence in androgen-insensitive rats

scientific article published on November 1981

Short day lengths affect perinatal development of the male reproductive system in the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus

scientific article published on October 1999

Short day lengths delay development of the SNB neuromuscular system in the Siberian hamster,Phodopus sungorus ⬇️

scientific article published on June 15, 1998

Sleep and waking activity of pontine gigantocellular field neurons ⬇️

scientific article published on September 1, 1977

Social cues attenuate photoresponsiveness of the male reproductive system in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus).

scientific article published on February 1999

Spatial ability and prenatal androgens: meta-analyses of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and digit ratio (2D:4D) studies

scientific article

Steroid hormone masculinization of neural structure in rats: a tale of two nuclei.

scientific article published in November 2004

Stress affects a gastrin-releasing peptide system in the spinal cord that mediates sexual function: implications for psychogenic erectile dysfunction.

scientific article

The De-Scent of Sexuality: Did Loss of a Pheromone Signaling Protein Permit the Evolution of Same-Sex Sexual Behavior in Primates?

scientific article published on 23 April 2019

The emergence of sex differences in risk for disordered eating attitudes during puberty: a role for prenatal testosterone exposure

scientific article

The increasingly plastic, hormone-responsive adult brain

scientific article

The organizational role of testicular hormones and the androgen receptor in anxiety-related behaviors and sensorimotor gating in rats

scientific article

The role of androgen receptors in the masculinization of brain and behavior: what we've learned from the testicular feminization mutation

scientific article

The role of the bulbocavernosus in penile reflex behavior in rats

scientific article published in July 1992

The testosterone two-step is really a minuet.

scientific article published in April 2010

Through a glass, darkly: Human digit ratios reflect prenatal androgens, imperfectly

scientific article published on 06 February 2020

Time course of adult castration-induced changes in soma size of motoneurons in the rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus

scientific article published on 03 March 2009

Timing of peripubertal steroid exposure predicts visuospatial cognition in men: Evidence from three samples

scientific article published on 18 February 2020

With a little help from my friends: androgens tap BDNF signaling pathways to alter neural circuits.

scientific article published on 20 December 2012

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