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List of works by Barbara Rothbaum

175 Years of Progress in PTSD Therapeutics: Learning From the Past

scientific article published on 01 June 2018

A Review of PTSD Augmentation Strategies for Older Adults and Case of rTMS-Augmented Prolonged Exposure

scientific article published on 27 June 2020

A factor analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms using data pooled from two venlafaxine extended-release clinical trials

scientific article

A field test of group based exposure therapy with 102 veterans with war-related posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published in April 2008

A pilot and feasibility study of virtual reality as a distraction for children with cancer

scientific article published in October 2004

A pilot study of an exposure-based intervention in the ED designed to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 01 March 2008

A pooled analysis of gender and trauma-type effects on responsiveness to treatment of PTSD with venlafaxine extended release or placebo.

scientific article

A preliminary report on the use of virtual reality technology to elicit craving and cue reactivity in cocaine dependent individuals

scientific article published on 3 March 2006

A randomized controlled trial of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and fear extinction retention in healthy adults

scientific article published in 2022

A randomized, double-blind evaluation of D-cycloserine or alprazolam combined with virtual reality exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq and Afghanistan War veterans

scientific article

A validated predictive algorithm of post-traumatic stress course following emergency department admission after a traumatic stressor

scientific article published on 06 July 2020

Acquisition, extinction, and return of fear in veterans in intensive outpatient prolonged exposure therapy: A fear-potentiated startle study

scientific article published in 2022

Acute Posttraumatic Symptoms Are Associated With Multimodal Neuroimaging Structural Covariance Patterns: A Possible Role for the Neural Substrates of Visual Processing in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article published on 07 August 2020

Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and R(-) MDMA on actigraphy-based daytime activity and sleep parameters in rhesus monkeys

scientific article published on 25 June 2018

Acute effects of device-guided slow breathing on sympathetic nerve activity and baroreflex sensitivity in posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 13 April 2018

Adding Insult to Injury: Mitigating the Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Treatment of PTSD

scientific article published on 11 September 2020

Amygdala Reactivity and Anterior Cingulate Habituation Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Maintenance After Acute Civilian Trauma

scientific article published on 23 December 2016

An intelligent virtual human system for providing healthcare information and support

scientific article published on January 1, 2011

An intensive outpatient program with prolonged exposure for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: Retention, predictors, and patterns of change

scientific article published on 13 July 2020

An investigation of outcome expectancies as a predictor of treatment response for combat veterans with PTSD: comparison of clinician, self-report, and biological measures.

scientific article

Applying learning principles to the treatment of post-trauma reactions

scientific article published in December 2003

Assessing Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Emory Treatment Resistance Interview for PTSD (E-TRIP)

scientific article

Association of CRP genetic variation and CRP level with elevated PTSD symptoms and physiological responses in a civilian population with high levels of trauma

scientific article

Association of Prospective Risk for Chronic PTSD Symptoms With Low TNFα and IFNγ Concentrations in the Immediate Aftermath of Trauma Exposure

scientific article published on 29 July 2019

Augmentation of Exposure Therapy With Cholinergic Blockade: Promising Novel Approach or Too Early to Tell?

scientific article published on 01 November 2019

Augmentation of sertraline with prolonged exposure in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 01 October 2006

Augmenting Exposure Therapy With Other CBT Procedures

scientific article

Augmenting obsessive-compulsive disorder treatment: from brain to mind

scientific article published in November 2013

Avoidant coping and treatment outcome in rape-related posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on January 9, 2012

Baroreflex dysfunction and augmented sympathetic nerve responses during mental stress in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.

scientific article published on 14 May 2017

Baseline psychophysiological and cortisol reactivity as a predictor of PTSD treatment outcome in virtual reality exposure therapy.

scientific article

Biological and symptom changes in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: a randomized clinical trial

scientific article published on 30 December 2014

Biomarkers of post-deployment resilience among military service members

scientific article

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT TREATMENT GUIDELINES FOR COMPLEX PTSD IN ADULTS.

scientific article published on 3 February 2016

Care of Veterans Through the Warrior Care Network

scientific article published on 12 October 2017

Catecholamine responses to virtual combat: implications for post-traumatic stress and dimensions of functioning.

scientific article

Change in patients' interpersonal impacts as a mediator of the alliance-outcome association in treatment for chronic depression

scientific article published on 17 October 2016

Changes in Dosing and Dose Timing of D-Cycloserine Explain Its Apparent Declining Efficacy for Augmenting Exposure Therapy for Anxiety-related Disorders: An Individual Participant-data Meta-analysis

scientific article published on 23 September 2019

Changes in trauma-potentiated startle with treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in combat Veterans

scientific article published on 15 April 2014

Changes in trauma-potentiated startle, skin conductance, and heart rate within prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD in high and low treatment responders

scientific article published on 21 September 2019

Chronic depression: medication (nefazodone) or psychotherapy (CBASP) is effective when the other is not.

scientific article published in May 2005

Chronic forms of major depression are still undertreated in the 21st century: systematic assessment of 801 patients presenting for treatment

scientific article

Cognitive behavior therapy for fear of flying: sustainability of treatment gains after September 11.

scientific article published on 21 February 2006

Cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy and brief supportive psychotherapy for augmentation of antidepressant nonresponse in chronic depression: the REVAMP Trial

scientific article

Cognitive behavioral therapy for public-speaking anxiety using virtual reality for exposure

scientific article published in January 2005

Cognitive enhancers as adjuncts to psychotherapy: use of D-cycloserine in phobic individuals to facilitate extinction of fear

scientific article

Cognitive-behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy as a maintenance treatment for chronic depression

scientific article published in August 2004

Comparing virtual reality exposure therapy to present-centered therapy with 11 U.S. Vietnam veterans with PTSD.

scientific article published in February 2010

Computer-supported cognitive behavioral treatment of anxiety disorders

scientific article published on March 2004

Conditioned fear extinction and reinstatement in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm

scientific article

Convergence in patient-therapist therapeutic alliance ratings and its relation to outcome in chronic depression treatment

scientific article published on February 2016

Coping strategies as mediators in relation to resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder.

scientific article published on 16 August 2017

Corrigendum to "Neuroendocrine biomarkers of prolonged exposure treatment response in military-related PTSD" [Psychoneuroendocrinology (2020) Article 104749]

scientific article published on 10 July 2020

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 Antagonism Is Ineffective for Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article published on 04 July 2017

Cortisol Response Following Exposure Treatment for PTSD in Rape Victims

scientific article

Critical parameters for D-cycloserine enhancement of cognitive-behaviorial therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder

scientific article published in March 2008

D-Cycloserine Augmentation of Exposure-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data.

scientific article

DBT-enhanced cognitive-behavioral treatment for trichotillomania: A randomized controlled trial

scientific article published on September 2012

DBT-enhanced habit reversal treatment for trichotillomania: 3-and 6-month follow-up results

scientific article published on 15 December 2010

DNA methylation levels are associated with CRF receptor antagonist treatment outcome in women with post-traumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 03 November 2018

DSM–5 alternative model for personality disorders trait domains and PTSD symptoms in a sample of highly traumatized African American women and a prospective sample of trauma center patients.

scientific article published in 2021

Designing a Resilience Program for Critical Care Nurses

scientific article published in January 2017

Detecting critical decision points in psychotherapy and psychotherapy + medication for chronic depression

scientific article published on 10 June 2013

Development and Testing of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Active Duty Service Members Who Served in Iraq and Afghanistan

scientific article published on June 1, 2012

Development and early evaluation of the Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan exposure therapy system for combat‐related PTSD

scientific article published on October 1, 2010

Dexamethasone facilitates fear extinction and safety discrimination in PTSD: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

scientific article published on 31 May 2017

Differential responses to psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy in patients with chronic forms of major depression and childhood trauma.

scientific article

Dire Need for New and Improved Therapies for PTSD: Response to Markowitz

scientific article published on 01 October 2018

Does virtual reality increase emotional engagement during exposure for PTSD? Subjective distress during prolonged and virtual reality exposure therapy

scientific article published on 08 June 2018

Dysfunctional attitudes as a moderator of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for chronic depression

scientific article published on October 25, 2012

Early adversity in chronic depression: clinical correlates and response to pharmacotherapy

scientific article

Early intervention following trauma may mitigate genetic risk for PTSD in civilians: a pilot prospective emergency department study

scientific article

Early intervention may prevent the development of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized pilot civilian study with modified prolonged exposure

scientific article

Early interventions for PTSD: a review

scientific article published on 31 August 2012

Effect size matters: a key neglected indicator of comparative trial quality

scientific article published on 01 February 2019

Effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy for active duty soldiers in a military mental health clinic

scientific article published on February 3, 2011

Effects of D-cycloserine on extinction: translation from preclinical to clinical work

scientific article published on August 2006

Effects of venlafaxine extended release on resilience in posttraumatic stress disorder: an item analysis of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale

scientific article

Efficacy of Prolonged Exposure Therapy, Sertraline Hydrochloride, and Their Combination Among Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial

scientific article published on 01 February 2019

Eight Weeks of Device Guided Slow Breathing Decreases Sympathetic Nervous Reactivity to Stress in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article published on 26 August 2020

Elevated Resting Blood Pressure Augments Autonomic Imbalance in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

scientific article published on 10 October 2018

Emergency department predictors of posttraumatic stress reduction for trauma-exposed individuals with and without an early intervention

scientific article

Emerging treatments for PTSD.

scientific article published on 10 September 2009

Emotion dysregulation is associated with increased prospective risk for chronic PTSD development

scientific article published on 14 December 2019

Enhanced exposure therapy for combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

scientific article published on 24 October 2019

Evaluation of a corticotropin releasing hormone type 1 receptor antagonist in women with posttraumatic stress disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

scientific article

Evaluation of the glycine transporter inhibitor Org 25935 as augmentation to cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

scientific article published on 21 February 2012

Expansion of a VR Exposure Therapy System for Combat-Related PTSD to Medics/Corpsman and Persons Following Military Sexual Trauma

scientific article published in January 2014

Exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article

Facilitation of Extinction of Conditioned Fear by D-Cycloserine

article by Michael Davis et al published August 2005 in Current Directions in Psychological Science

Faster remission of chronic depression with combined psychotherapy and medication than with each therapy alone

scientific article published on June 2008

Feasibility and acceptability of a resilience training program for intensive care unit nurses

scientific article

Feasibility of identifying eligible trauma patients for posttraumatic stress disorder intervention

scientific article published on August 1, 2010

Five sessions and counting: considering ultra-brief treatment for panic disorder

scientific article published on June 2012

Greater expectations: using hierarchical linear modeling to examine expectancy for treatment outcome as a predictor of treatment response

scientific article published on 30 April 2008

House calls revisited: leveraging technology to overcome obstacles to veteran psychiatric care and improve treatment outcomes

scientific article published on October 1, 2010

Improvement in cerebral function with treatment of posttraumatic stress disordera

scientific article published on October 1, 2010

In session extinction and outcome in Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for PTSD

scientific article published on 20 July 2018

Increased Skin Conductance Response in the Immediate Aftermath of Trauma Predicts PTSD Risk.

scientific article

Increased prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in critical care nurses

scientific article published on 21 December 2006

Inhibition of serotonin transporters disrupts the enhancement of fear memory extinction by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).

scientific article

Integrating biological treatment mechanisms into randomized clinical trials: Design of PROGrESS (PROlonGed ExpoSure and Sertraline Trial).

scientific article published on 25 October 2017

Intensive Treatment Models to Address Posttraumatic Stress Among Post-9/11 Warriors: The Warrior Care Network

scientific article published on 12 October 2017

International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci

scientific article published on 08 October 2019

Interpersonal styles of chronically depressed outpatients: Profiles and therapeutic change

scientific article published on December 1, 2008

Investigating Relationships Between PTSD Symptom Clusters Within Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for OEF/OIF Veterans

scientific article published on 4 March 2016

Investigation of optimal dose of early intervention to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder: A multiarm randomized trial of one and three sessions of modified prolonged exposure

scientific article published on 05 April 2020

Largest genome-wide association study for PTSD identifies genetic risk loci in European and African ancestries and implicates novel biological pathways

article published in 2018

Longitudinal changes in trauma narratives over the first year and associations with coping and mental health

scientific article published on 24 April 2020

Mediators of sexual functioning and marital quality in chronically depressed adults with and without a history of childhood sexual abuse

scientific article published on 20 October 2014

Mobile assessment of heightened skin conductance in posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 21 February 2017

Multimodal structural neuroimaging markers of risk and recovery from posttrauma anhedonia: A prospective investigation

scientific article published on 10 November 2020

Narratives in the Immediate Aftermath of Traumatic Injury: Markers of Ongoing Depressive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

scientific article published on 06 April 2018

Nausea in the peri-traumatic period is associated with prospective risk for PTSD symptom development

scientific article published on 21 November 2018

Neuroendocrine biomarkers of prolonged exposure treatment response in military-related PTSD

scientific article published on 08 June 2020

Novel treatment approaches for refractory anxiety disorders

scientific article published on January 2008

Onset of activity and time to response on individual CAPS-SX17 items in patients treated for post-traumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine ER: a pooled analysis

scientific article published on 11 June 2008

Optimizing Clinical Training for the Treatment of PTSD Using Virtual Patients.

scientific article published in January 2009

PTSD Psychotherapy Outcome Predicted by Brain Activation During Emotional Reactivity and Regulation

scientific article published on 18 July 2017

PTSD not an anxiety disorder? DSM committee proposal turns back the hands of time

scientific article published on October 3, 2011

Patient treatment preference as a predictor of response and attrition in treatment for chronic depression

scientific article published on July 5, 2012

Patients need to remain in treatment for PTSD to receive the full benefit

scientific article published on 30 October 2019

Perceived benefits and drawbacks of massed prolonged exposure: A qualitative thematic analysis of reactions from treatment completers

scientific article published on 23 January 2020

Pharmacological enhancement of behavioral therapy: focus on posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on January 2010

Pharmacological enhancement of exposure-based treatment in PTSD: a qualitative review

scientific article

Pharmacological enhancement of learning in exposure therapy

scholarly article published 2007

Pilot trial of dialectical behavior therapy-enhanced habit reversal for trichotillomania

scientific article published in October 2010

Placebo-controlled trial of risperidone augmentation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant civilian posttraumatic stress disorder.

scientific article published on April 2008

Post-trauma anhedonia is associated with increased substance use in a recently-traumatized population

scientific article published on 09 January 2020

Post-traumatic stress disorder and sleep

scientific article published in April 2002

Pretreatment Correlates of the Therapeutic Alliance in the Chronically Depressed

article published in 2002

Primum Non Nocere (First Do No Harm): Symptom Worsening and Improvement in Female Assault Victims After Prolonged Exposure for PTSD

scientific article published on 12 October 2017

Primum non nocere (first do no harm): symptom worsening and improvement in female assault victims after prolonged exposure for PTSD.

scientific article published on 30 December 2013

Prior trauma-related experiences predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder after a new traumatic event

scientific article published on 12 August 2020

Prolonged Exposure versus Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for PTSD rape victims

scientific article

Psychological and psychobiological responses to immediate early intervention in the emergency department: Case report of one-session exposure therapy for the prevention of PTSD.

scientific article

Psychophysiological treatment outcomes: Corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor antagonist increases inhibition of fear-potentiated startle in PTSD patients

scientific article published on 26 February 2019

Psychotherapeutic approaches with survivors of childhood trauma

scientific article

Psychotherapy for PTSD: An evidence-based guide to a theranostic approach to treatment

scientific article published on 18 May 2018

Randomized controlled trial of prolonged exposure using imaginal exposure vs. virtual reality exposure in active duty soldiers with deployment-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

scientific article published on 8 September 2016

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of nefazodone maintenance treatment in preventing recurrence in chronic depression.

scientific article published on October 2003

Recent advances in virtual reality therapy for anxiety and related disorders: Introduction to the special issue

scientific article published on 23 August 2018

Resilience as a predictor of treatment response in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder treated with venlafaxine extended release or placebo

scientific article published on 17 September 2011

Response to Granoff

scientific article

Response to Smith

scientific article

Review of sertraline in post-traumatic stress disorder

scientific article

Right inferior frontal gyrus and ventromedial prefrontal activation during response inhibition is implicated in the development of PTSD symptoms

scientific article published in 2022

Rising Tide: Responding to the Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

scientific article published on 18 May 2020

Risperidone in psychotic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: an open trial.

scientific article published on July 2005

Select comorbid personality disorders and the treatment of chronic depression with nefazodone, targeted psychotherapy, or their combination

scientific article published on 12 February 2009

Selective Effects of Psychotherapy on Frontopolar Cortical Function in PTSD.

scientific article published on 18 July 2017

Side Effects to Antidepressant Treatment in Patients With Depression and Comorbid Panic Disorder

scientific article published on 03 January 2017

Special section: Dissemination: Transforming lives through transforming care

scientific article published on 01 October 2006

Structural connectivity and risk for anhedonia after trauma: A prospective study and replication

scientific article published on 14 May 2019

Symptom severity impacts sympathetic dysregulation and inflammation in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

scientific article published on 01 November 2019

Symptomatic and syndromal anxiety in chronic forms of major depression: effect of nefazodone, cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy, and their combination

scientific article

Targeting memory reconsolidation to prevent the return of fear in patients with fear of flying

scientific article published on 5 April 2017

Temporal Stability of Cognitive Functioning and Functional Capacity in Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article published on 01 June 2019

The "PE coach" smartphone application: an innovative approach to improving implementation, fidelity, and homework adherence during prolonged exposure

scientific article

The Impact of Exposure Therapy on Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Reactivity Among Active-Duty Soldiers With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article published in January 2020

The Impact of Exposure Therapy on Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Reactivity among Active Duty Soldiers with PTSD

scientific article published on 07 October 2019

The Role of the Hippocampus in Predicting Future Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Recently Traumatized Civilians

scientific article

The Therapeutic Alliance and CBASP-Specific Skill Acquisition in the Treatment of Chronic Depression

The Use of Virtual Reality Technology in the Treatment of Anxiety and Other Psychiatric Disorders

scientific article

The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: Results of a national survey

scientific article published on October 5, 2011

The prevalence and impact of post traumatic stress disorder and burnout syndrome in nurses

scientific article

The relation between changes in patients' interpersonal impact messages and outcome in treatment for chronic depression

scientific article published on April 30, 2012

The relationship between the therapeutic alliance and treatment outcome in two distinct psychotherapies for chronic depression

scientific article published on 21 January 2013

Therapeutic alliance in depression treatment: controlling for prior change and patient characteristics

scientific article published in December 2003

Therapeutic reactance as a predictor of outcome in the treatment of chronic depression

scientific article published in December 2003

Therapist Variables That Predict Symptom Change in Psychotherapy With Chronically Depressed Outpatients

Time of trauma prospectively affects PTSD symptom severity: The impact of circadian rhythms and cortisol

scientific article published in 2022

Timing of extinction relative to acquisition: a parametric analysis of fear extinction in humans.

scientific article

Trajectories of PTSD symptoms and predictive factors of trajectory membership: a step toward identifying veterans at risk

scientific article

Tratamiento de los trastornos de ansiedad con terapia de exposición a realidad virtual

scientific article published on 16 July 2011

Trauma, resilience and saliostasis: effects of treatment in post-traumatic stress disorder

scientific article

Treating PTSD: A Review of Evidence-Based Psychotherapy Interventions

article

Treatment Options for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

scientific article

Twelve-month follow-up of virtual reality and standard exposure therapies for the fear of flying

scientific article

Unintended Consequences of Changing the Definition of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in DSM-5: Critique and Call for Action

scientific article

Use of virtual reality as a distractor for painful procedures in a patient with pediatric cancer: a case study

scientific article published in December 2003

Using experimental methodologies to assess posttraumatic stress

scientific article published on 19 October 2016

Using fMRI connectivity to define a treatment-resistant form of post-traumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on 01 April 2019

Using virtual reality to help our patients in the real world

scientific article published on 01 January 2009

VR PTSD exposure therapy results with active duty OIF/OEF combatants

scientific article

Venlafaxine extended release in posttraumatic stress disorder: a sertraline- and placebo-controlled study

scientific article

Versatility of fear-potentiated startle paradigms for assessing human conditioned fear extinction and return of fear.

scientific article published on 21 November 2011

Virtual Iraq: initial results from a VR exposure therapy application for combat-related PTSD.

scientific article published on January 2008

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy of Combat-Related PTSD: A Case Study Using Psychophysiological Indicators of Outcome

article published in 2003

Virtual Reality Goes to War: A Brief Review of the Future of Military Behavioral Healthcare

scientific article published on June 1, 2011

Virtual Reality-Enhanced Extinction of Phobias and Post-Traumatic Stress

scientific article published on 16 May 2017

Virtual reality exposure therapy and standard (in vivo) exposure therapy in the treatment of fear of flying

scientific article published on 24 February 2006

Virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety and related disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

scientific article published on 10 August 2018

Virtual reality exposure therapy for combat‐related posttraumatic stress disorder

scientific article published on October 1, 2010

Virtual reality exposure therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder and other anxiety disorders

scientific article published on August 2010

Virtual reality exposure therapy using a virtual Iraq: case report

scientific article published on April 2008

Virtual reality exposure versus prolonged exposure for PTSD: Which treatment for whom?

scientific article published on 07 May 2018

When translational neuroscience fails in the clinic: Dexamethasone prior to virtual reality exposure therapy increases drop-out rates

scientific article published on 29 October 2018

You can do that?!: Feasibility of virtual reality exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD due to military sexual trauma

scientific article published on 18 June 2018