Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger

scientific article published on 11 February 2016

Author/s

author: Paolo Addesso, Vaishali Adya, Odylio D. Aguiar, Odylio D. Aguiar, Lorenzo Aiello, Bruce Allen, Koji Arai, Stefano Ascenzi, Gregory Ashton, Paul T. Baker, Bryan Barr, Viswanath Bavigadda, Christopher P. L. Berry, Diego Bersanetti, Swetha Bhagwat, Ross Birney, Michel Boër, François Bondu, Valerio Boschi, Patrick R Brady, Aidan Brooks, Juan Calderon Bustillo, Thomas Callister, Kipp Cannon, Collin Capano, Lorenzo Cerboni Baiardi, Elisabetta Cesarini, Shiuh Chao, Philip Charlton, Andrea Chincarini, Jong H. Chow, Eugenio Coccia, Christophe Collette, Livia Conti, Cesar Costa, Elena Cuoco, Stefan Danilishin, Gareth S Davies, Martina De Laurentis, Walter Del Pozzo, Timo Denker, Alberto Di Lieto, Angela DiVirgilio, Vincent Dolique, Marco Drago, Zhihui Du, Stephen Fairhurst, Isidoro Ferrante, Lee Samuel Finn, Andreas Freise, Fabio Garufi, Alberto Gatto, Bruce Gendre, László Árpád Gergely, Massimo Granata, Anna Green, Paul J. Groot, Gianluca Guidi, Giles D. Hammond, Maria Haney, Jan Harms, Antoine Heidmann, Sophie Hollitt, Eric Howell, Yi-Ming Hu, Eliu A. Huerta, Sascha Husa, Piotr Jaranowski, Li Ju, David Keitel, Alexander Khalaidovski, Mikhail Korobko, Izabela Kowalska, Badri Krishnan, Paul Lasky, Claudia Lazzaro, Sean Leavey, Matteo Leonardi, Matteo Lorenzini, Giovanni Losurdo, Andrew Lundgren, Ettore Majorana, Valentina Mangano, Thomas J. Massinger, David E. McClelland, Chris J. Messenger, Haixing Miao, Hannah Middleton, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Chandra Kant Mishra, Sanjit Mitra, Conor M Mow-Lowry, David J. Murphy, Luca Naticchioni, Gijs Nelemans, Alexander Harvey Nitz, Eric Oelker, Frank Ohme, Richard O'Shaughnessy, Benjamin J. Owen, Francesco Pannarale, M. Alessandra Papa, Roberto Passaquieti, Barbara Patricelli, Harald Pfeiffer, Ornella Juliana Piccinni, Francesco Piergiovanni, Vincenzo Pierro, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew D. Pitkin, Jade Powell, Maria Principe, Giovanni Andrea Prodi, Eric A. Quintero, Piero Rapagnani, Massimiliano Razzano, Alessio Rocchi, Francesco Salemi, Daniel Sigg, Bram Slagmolen, Borja Sorazu, Fiodor Sorrentino, Simon Stevenson, Kenneth Strain, Giulia Stratta, Amber L. Stuver, Bas L. Swinkels, David B. Tanner, Márton Tápai, Eric Thrane, Kirill V. Tokmakov, Flavio Travasso, Gabriele Vajente, Joris van Heijningen, Alberto Vecchio, Andrea Viceré, Salvatore Vitale, Helios Vocca, Linqing Wen, Karl Wette, Bernard F Whiting, Benno Willke, Graham Woan, Michael Zevin, Chunnong Zhao, Xing-Jiang Zhu, John Zweizig, Michel Davier, Mauro Tonelli, Robert Taylor, Vasiliki Kalogera, Gabriela González, Orion Eli Sauter, Ronald Drever, Beverly Berger, Bernard F. Schutz, Stanley E. Whitcomb, Roman Schnabel, Nergis Mavalvala, Peter Fritschel, Dennis Ugolini, Richard K. Mittleman, Volker Quetschke, Andrew Melatos, Thomas D. Abbott, Benjamin P. Abbott, Archisman Ghosh, Ilya Mandel, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Sinead Walsh, Todd Adams, Sukanta Bose, Gergely Debreczeni, Éric Chassande-Mottin, Karsten Danzmann, Carl D. Blair, Duncan A. Brown, Alessandra Corsi, Luciano Di Fiore, Evan Goetz, Gregory M. Harry, Dale R. Ingram, Prayush Kumar, Denis V. Martynov, Jonathan Miller, Federico Paoletti, Rosa Poggiani, Ryan Quitzow-James, Nicolas Straniero, Keith Alan Thorne, John Veitch, Alan J. Weinstein, John T. Whelan, Riccardo Bassiri, Alessandro Bertolini, Tomasz Bulik, Giacomo Ciani, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Francesco Fidecaro, Laura Kate Nuttall, Vivien Raymond, Jamie Scott, Dipongkar Talukder, Rainer Weiss, Ryan Lynch, Paul A. Altin, Giovanni Cerretani, Johannes Eichholz, Fabrice Matichard, Fulvio P. Ricci, Gabriele Vedovato, Flavio Vetrano, Francisco Jiménez-Forteza, Fabian Magaña-Sandoval, Abhirup Ghosh, Nam-Gyu Kim, Mariela Masso-Reid, David Mendoza-Gandara, Arunava Mukherjee, LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, Samaya Nissanke, Richard Gustafson, Eric K. Gustafson, Irene Di Palma, Reinier J. G. Jonker, Fausto Acernese, Kendall Ackley, Christopf Affeldt, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Sebastian Steinlechner, Zsuzsanna Marka, Peter Aufmuth, Pia Astone, Joseph Charles Betzwieser, Dennis Coyne, Juan C. B. Barayoga, Christopher J Moore, Blake C. Moore, Karl Aaron Gill, James E. Brau, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Chloe Gray, Russell Jones, Peter Shawhan, Robert L. Stone, Richard J. McCarthy, Michael W. Coughlin, Nancy Aggarwal, Michael Pedraza, Jennifer C. Driggers, Matthew R. Abernathy, Rana Adhikari, Lynn R. Cominsky, David H. Shoemaker, Sang Hoon Oh, Sergey Klimenko, Muhammed Saleem, Laura Cadonati, Rajesh Kumble Nayak, K. G. Arun, Bernd Machenschalk, Antonio Pasqualetti, Jerome Degallaix, Peter J. Veitch, Péter Bojtos, Saeed Mirshekari, Kalina V. Nedkova, Gabriel Pillant, Niels van Bakel, Brynley L. Pearlstone, Richard Pedurand, Federico Ferrini, Richard Abbott, Carl Adams, Michalis Agathos, Anirban Ain, Parameswaran Ajith, Annalisa Allocca, Stuart B. Anderson, Warren G. Anderson, Melody C. Araya, Cody C. Arceneaux, Joseph S. Areeda, Nicolas Arnaud, Melanie Ast, Stuart M. Aston, Carsten Aulbert, Stanislav V. Babak, Philippe Bacon, Maria Karolina Margit Bader, Francesca Baldaccini, Giulio Ballardin, Stefan W. Ballmer, Sheena E. Barclay, Barry C. Barish, David Barker, Fabrizio Barone, Lisa Barsotti, Matteo Barsuglia, Dániel Barta, Jeffrey Bartlett, Mark Andrew Barton, Imre Bartos, Andrea Basti, James C. Batch, Christoph Baune, Marco Bazzan, Berit Behnke, Michał Bejger, Krzysztof Belczynski, Angus S. Bell, Christopher James Bell, Justin Bergman, Gerald Bergmann, Rohan Bhandare, Irina A. Bilenko, GariLynn Billingsley, Jeremy Birch, Ofek Birnholtz, Sebastien Biscans, Aparna Bisht, Massimiliano Bitossi, Christopher Biwer, Marie-Anne Bizouard, J. Kent Blackburn, Ryan M. Blair, Steven Bloemen, Oliver Bock, Timothy P. Bodiya, Gilles Bogaert, Christina Bogan, Alejandro Bohé, Charlotte Bond, Romain Bonnand, Boris A. Boom, Rolf Bork, Yann Bouffanais, Antonella Bozzi, Carlo Bradaschia, Vladimir Braginsky, Marica Branchesi, Tristan Briant, Alain Brillet, Marc Brinkmann, Violette Brisson, Patrick Brockill, Daniel David Brown, Nicolas M. Brown, Christopher C. Buchanan, Aaron Buikema, Henk Jan Bulten, Alessandra Buonanno, Damir Buskulic, Christelle Buy, Robert L. Byer, Miriam Cabero, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Craig Cahillane, Enrico Calloni, Jordan B. Camp, Junwei Cao, Eleonora Capocasa, Franco Carbognani, Santiago Caride, Julia Casanueva Diaz, Claudio Casentini, Sarah Elizabeth Caudill, Marco Cavaglià, Fabien Cavalier, Roberto Cavalieri, Giancarlo Cella, Christian B. Cepeda, Rijuparna Chakraborty, Tara Chalermsongsak, Sydney J. Chamberlin, Manleong Chan, Hsin-Yu Chen, Yan-Bei Chen, Chun Cheng, Antonino Chiummo, Hee-Suk Cho, Min-a Cho, Nelson Lloyd Christensen, Qi Chu, Sheon S. Y. Chua, Shinkee Chung, Filiberto Clara, Frédéric Cleva, Pierre-François Cohadon, Alberto Colla, Marcio Constâncio Jr., Andrea Conte, Douglas Cook, Thomas Randall Corbitt, Neil J. Cornish, Stefano Cortese, Scott Benjamin Coughlin, Jean-Pierre Coulon, Stefan Trklja Countryman, Peter Couvares, Erika E. Cowan, David Martin Coward, Matthew J. Cowart, Robert Coyne, Kieran Craig, Teviet D. Creighton, Jonathan Cripe, Sarah Gwynne Crowder, Andrew Cumming, Liam Cunningham, Tito Dal Canton, Sabrina D'Antonio, Nicole S. Darman, Carlos Filipe Da Silva Costa, Vincenzo Dattilo, Ishant Dave, Hernan P. Daveloza, Edward Daw, Richard Day, Soumi De, Daniel DeBra, Samuel Deléglise, Thomas Dent, Hüsne Dereli-Bégué, Vladimir Dergachev, Ryan Thomas DeRosa, Rosario De Rosa, Riccardo DeSalvo, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Mario Claudio Díaz, Matteo Di Giovanni, Sibilla Di Pace, Goran Dojcinoski, Fred Donovan, Katherine L. Dooley, Suresh Doravari, Rebecca Douglas, Thomas P. Downes, Marine Ducrot, Sheila Elizabeth Dwyer, Tega Boro Edo, Anamaria Effler, Heinz-Bernd Eggenstein, Phil Ehrens, Stephen S Eikenberry, William Engels, Reed Essick, Todd Etzel, Ryan Everett, Maxim Factourovich, Viviana Fafone, Hannah Fair, Xilong Fan, Qi Fang, Stefania Farinon, Benjamin F. Farr, Will M. Farr, Marc Favata, Maxime Fays, Henning Fehrmann, Martin M. Fejer, David Feldbaum, Elvis C. Ferreira, Irene Fiori, Donatella Fiorucci, Ryan Patrick Fisher, Raffaele Flaminio, Mark Fletcher, Heather Kin Yee Fong, Jean-Daniel Fournier, Samuel Franco, Franco Frasconi, Maik Frede, Zsolt Frei, Raymond E. Frey, Valentin Frey, Tobin T. Fricke, Valery Victor Frolov, Paul J. Fulda, Michael Fyffe, Hunter A. Gabbard, Jonathan R. Gair, Luca Gammaitoni, Sharad G. Gaonkar, Gurudatt Gaur, Neil Gehrels, Gianluca Gemme, Eric Genin, Alberto Gennai, Jogy George, Vincent Germain, Shaon Ghosh, Joseph Anthony Giaime, K. Dwayne Giardina, Adalberto Giazotto, Andreas Glaefke, Joseph R. Gleason, Ryan Goetz, László Gondán, Jose M. Gonzalez Castro, Achamveedu Gopakumar, Neil A. Gordon, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Sarah E. Gossan, Matthieu Gosselin, Romain Gouaty, Christian Graef, Philip B. Graff, Alastair Grant, Slawomir Gras, Giuseppe Greco, Hartmut Grote, Steffen Grunewald, Xiangyu Guo, Anuradha Gupta, Manojipr K. Gupta, Kaitlin E. Gushwa, Joshua J. Hacker, Bernard R. Hall, Evan Hall, Manuela M. Hanke, Jonathan Hanks, Chad Hanna, Mark Douglas Hannam, Joe Hanson, Terra Hardwick, Ian Harry, Martin J. Hart, Michael T. Hartman, Carl-Johan Haster, Karen Haughian, James Healy, Matthew Carl Heintze, Henrich Heitmann, Patrice Hello, Gary Hemming, Martin A. Hendry, Ik Siong Heng, Jan-Simon Hennig, Alastair W. Heptonstall, Michèle Heurs, Stefan Hild, Daniel Hoak, Kari Alison Hodge, David J. Hofman, Kathy Holt, Daniel E. Holz, Paul Hopkins, David J. Hosken, James Hough, Ewan A. Houston, Shu-Yu Huang, Dominique Huet, Brennan Hughey, Sabina H. Huttner, Tien Huynh-Dinh, Ashikuzzaman Idrisy, Nathaniel Indik, Ra Inta, Hafizah N. Isa, Jean-Michel Isac, Maximiliano Isi, Gabriel Islas, Tomoki Isogai, Bala R. Iyer, Kiwamu Izumi, Mindy B. Jacobson, Thibaut Jacqmin, Haengjin Jang, Karan Jani, Sharat Jawahar, Warren Wilmer Johnson, Nathan Kieran Johnson-McDaniel, David Ian Jones, M. K. Haris, Chinmay Vasudev Kalaghatgi, Shivaraj Kandhasamy, Gung-Won Kang, Jonah B. Kanner, Sudarshan Karki, Marie Kasprzack, Erik Katsavounidis, William Katzman, Steffen Kaufer, Tejinder Kaur, Keita Kawabe, Fumiko Kawazoe, Fabien Kéfélian, Marcel S. Kehl, David Bruce Kelley, William Kells, Ross J. Kennedy, Joey Shapiro Key, Farit Y. Khalili, Imran Khan, Sebastian Khan, Zaki A. Khan, Efim A. Khazanov, Nutsinee Kijbunchoo, Chi-Woong Kim, Jaewan Kim, Kyungmin Kim, Namjun Kim, Young-Min Kim, Eleanor Jean King, Peter J. King, David L. Kinzel, Jeffrey S. Kissel, Lisa Kleybolte, Sina Maria Koehlenbeck, Keiko Kokeyama, Soumen Koley, Veronica Kondrashov, Antonios Kontos, William Z. Korth, Dan B. Kozak, Volker Kringel, Andrzej Królak, Christoph Krueger, Gerrit Kuehn, Rakesh Kumar, Ling-Chi Kuo, Adam Kutynia, Benjamin D. Lackey, Michael R. Landry, Jacob Lange, Brian Thomas Lantz, Albert Lazzarini, Paola Leaci, Eric O. Lebigot, Chang-Hwan Lee, Hyun-Kyu Lee, Hyung Mok Lee, Kyung-Ha Lee, Amber K. Lenon, Jonathan R. Leong, Nicolas Leroy, Nicolas Letendre, Yuri Levin, Bruce Martin Levine, Tjonnie G. F. Li, Adam Libson, Tyson B. Littenberg, Nick A. Lockerbie, Joshua Logue, Alexander L. Lombardi, Lionel Terrell London, Jaysin E. Lord, Vincent Loriette, Marc Doug Lormand, James D. Lough, Carlos Lousto, Geoffrey Lovelace, Harald Lück, Jialun Luo, Yiqiu Ma, Timothy MacDonald, Myron MacInnis, Duncan M. MacLeod, Ryan M. Magee, Mohana Mageswaran, Ivan Maksimovic, Valeria Malvezzi, Catherine Nary Man, Vuk Mandic, Georgia L. Mansell, Michael Manske, Maddalena Mantovani, Fabio Marchesoni, Frédérique Marion, Szabolcs Márka, Ashot S. Markosyan, Edward Maros, Filippo Martelli, Lionel Martellini, Iain Martin, Rodica M. Martin, Jay N. Marx, Kenneth R. Mason, Alain Masserot, Luca Matone, Nairwita Mazumder, Giulio Mazzolo, Scott McCormick, Stephen C. McGuire, Gary McIntyre, Jess McIver, David J. McManus, Sean T. McWilliams, Duncan Meacher, Grant David Meadors, Jeroen Meidam, Gregory Mendell, Robert A. Mercer, Edmond L. Merilh, Mourad Merzougui, Sydney Meshkov, Cody Messick, Patrick Meyers, Federica Mezzani, Christophe Michel, Leopoldo Milano, Margaret Millhouse, Yury Minenkov, Jing Ming, Valeriy P. Mitrofanov, Andrea Moggi, Martin Mohan, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra, Matteo Montani, Dan Moraru, Gerardo Moreno, Sean R. Morriss, Kasem Mossavi, Benoit Mours, Chris L. Mueller, Guido Mueller, Alistair W. Muir, Debnandini Mukherjee, Soma Mukherjee, Nikhil Mukund, Adam Mullavey, Jesper Munch, Peter G. Murray, Antonis Mytidis, Ilaria Nardecchia, Valentin Necula, Martina Neri, Ansel Neunzert, Gavin Newton, Thanh T. Nguyen, Flavio Nocera, David Nolting, Marc E. N. Normandin, Jason Oberling, Evan Ochsner, Joseph O’Dell, Gregory H. Ogin, John J. Oh, Miquel Oliver, Patrick Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, Brian O'Reilly, Christian David Ott, David J. Ottaway, Richard S. Ottens, Harry Overmier, Archana Pai, Siddhesh Arun Pai, Jordan R. 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Silva, Dmitry Simakov, Abe Singer, Leo Singer, Avneet Singh, Robinjeet Singh, Akshat Singhal, Alicia Magdalena Sintes, Nicolas D. Smith, Rory J. E. Smith, Edwin J. Son, Tarun Souradeep, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Alexa N. Staley, Michael Steinke, Daniel Steinmeyer, Branson C. Stephens, Nathaniel A. Strauss, Sergey E. Strigin, Riccardo Sturani, Tiffany Z. Summerscales, Ling Sun, Patrick J. Sutton, Marek J. Szczepańczyk, Matteo Tacca, Sergey P. Tarabrin, Andrea Taracchini, Thomas Theeg, Manasadevi P. Thirugnanasambandam, E. Gareth Thomas, Michael Thomas, Patrick Thomas, Kip S. Thorne, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Vaibhav Tiwari, Clive Tomlinson, Cristina V. Torres, Calum I. Torrie, Daniel Töyrä, Gary Traylor, Daniele Trifirò, Maria Concetta Tringali, Lucia Trozzo, Maggie Tse, Margherita Turconi, Darkhan Tuyenbayev, C.S. Unnikrishnan, Alex L. Urban, Samantha A. Usman, Henning Vahlbruch, Guillermo Valdes, Michele Vallisneri, Martin van Beuzekom, Johannes van den Brand, Chris Van Den Broeck, Daniel Christopher Vander-Hyde, Laura van der Schaaf, Anna-Maria A van Veggel, Marco Vardaro, Steve Vass, Mátyás Vasúth, Ruslan Vaulin, Krishna Venkateswara, Didier Verkindt, Serena Vinciguerra, David J. Vine, Jean-Yves Vinet, Thomas Vo, Cheryl Vorvick, Daniel Valentin Voss, Will D. Vousden, Sergey Vyatchanin, Andrew Wade, Leslie Wade, Madeline Wade, Marissa Walker, Larry Wallace, Gang Wang, Haoyu Wang, Mengyao Wang, Xiaoge Wang, Yan Wang, Robert L. Ward, Jim Warner, Michal Was, Betsy Weaver, Li-Wei Wei, Michael Weinert, Timothy Welborn, Peter Weßels, Tobias Westphal, Darren J. White, Luke Williams, Roy D. Williams, Andrew R. Williamson, Joshua L. Willis, Maximilian H. Wimmer, Walter Winkler, Christopher C. Wipf, Holger Wittel, John Worden, Jennifer L. Wright, Guimin Wu, Joshua Yablon, Igor V. Yakushin, William Yam, Cregg C. Yancey, Min Jet Yap, Hang Yu, Michel Yvert, Adam Zadrożny, Lisa Zangrando, Michele Zanolin, Jean-Pierre Zendri, Liyuan Zhang, Mi Zhang, Yuan-Hao Zhang, Minchuan Zhou, Zifan Zhou, Michael E Zucker, Sarah E. Zuraw, Fan Zhang, Justus Schmidt, David Blair, Patricia Schmidt, Matthew C. Edwards, Sergio Frasca, Alex B. Nielsen, Matthew Evans, Joshua R. Smith, James A. Clark, Thomas M. Evans, Joseph D. Romano, Jessica Steinlechner, Muzammil A. Arain, Mike Cruise, R. Justin S. Greenhalgh, Jay Heefner, Gerhard Heinzel, Drew Garvin Keppel, Scott Koranda, Patrick Kwee, Celine R. Ramet, Gary H. Sanders, Samuel J. Waldman, Harry Ward, Karsten Wiesner, Carol Ann Wilkinson, Phil A. Willems, Lutz Winkelmann, Alan G. Wiseman, Michael R. Smith

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