In COVID-19 health messaging, loss framing increases anxiety with little-to-no concomitant benefits: Experimental evidence from 84 countries

Author/s

author: Claus Lamm, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Ian D. Stephen, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Frederick Verbruggen, Andreas B Neubauer, Jonas K Olofsson, Martin Voracek, Lara Warmelink, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Carlota Batres, Christopher L Aberson, Theda Radtke, Niv Reggev, Elkin O Luis, Zhang Chen, Rachel A. Searston, Jan Antfolk, Martin Seehuus, Gerit Pfuhl, Isabel R. Pinto, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Małgorzata Kossowska, Stefan Stieger, Heather D Flowe, Noga Cohen, Robert M Ross, Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, Sébastien Massoni, Marta Roczniewska, Sau-Chin Chen, Marc V Jones, Martin Čadek, Erin Westgate, Ljiljana Lazarevic, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Erin Buchanan, Luis Eudave, Ines Almeida, Anthony J Krafnick, Gilad Feldman, Michał Białek, Megan L Willis, Eline Suzanne Smit, Behzad Behzadnia, Maria Karekla, Olga Bialobrzeska, Patrick Forscher, Gabriela Hofer, Chuan-Peng Hu, Srinivasan Tatachari, Jim Uttley, Barnaby J Dixson, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Heather L. Urry, Hui Bai, Patrícia Arriaga, Ilya Zakharov, Giovanna Mioni, Pınar Dursun, Balázs Aczél, Andrew G Thomas, Michael Machin, Steve M J Janssen, Biljana Gjoneska, Jennifer M Taber, Clare A M Sutherland, Melissa Colloff, Maria C Gugliandolo, Zahir Vally, Marco Antonio Corrêa Varella, Paulina Szwed, Jordane Boudesseul, Nadia S Corral-Frías, Paul Alexander George Forbes, Ulrich S Tran, Daniel J Dunleavy, Wilbert Law, Rafał Muda, Martin R Vasilev, Elena R Agadullina, Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho, Franki Y H Kung, Karis Moon, Agata Groyecka, Jan Philipp Röer, Gulnaz Anjum, Nicolle Simonovic, Anna Magda Studzinska, Michał Misiak, Sara G Alves, Anna Dalla Rosa, Reza Afhami, Minja Westerlund, Christian K Tamnes, Emma L Bradshaw, Naoyuki Sunami, Dawn Liu, Jennifer Lerner, Ke Wang, Thomas Ostermann, Ekaterina Pronizius, Anabela Santos, Peter R Mallik, Daniel Storage, Erica D Musser, Gabriela M Marcu, John P Wilson, Jozef Bavolar, Jeremy K Miller, Karlijn Hoyer, Nwadiogo C Arinze, Peter Babincak, Teodor Jernsäther, Randy J McCarthy, Dmitry Grigoryev, Dora Herrera, Flavio Azevedo, Max Korbmacher, Anabel de la Rosa Gómez, Vaughan W Rees, Shawn N Geniole, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Monica A Koehn, Charles A Dorison, Natalia Van Doren, Nihan Albayrak, Tatsunori Ishii, Przemysław Zdybek, Oscar Galindo-Caballero, Celia Esteban-Serna, Maja Friedemann, Alexios Arvanitis, Rodrigo A Cárcamo, Nadyanna M Majeed, Shimrit Daches, Benedict G Antazo, Niklas Johannes, Sara Álvarez Solas, Marcel Martončik